So I asked the AI GPT-5 mini to do a mathematical analysis on a 5 to 7 kg bird decending at a given speed and what effective weight on the railing caused such a thud:
I'll assume a more realistic vertical contact speed for a landing rather than a full hunting dive. Common landing vertical speeds for large raptors are often in the 3–10 m/s range; I'll show 3, 6 and 10 m/s and use masses 5–7 kg. I'll use stopping distances 0.05–0.25 m (shorter for abrupt contact on a rail, longer if legs flex/cushion).
If the eagle slowed well before touching the rail (v ≈ 3 m/s) the apparent load is on the order of 10–60 kgf depending on how much the legs/rail absorbed the motion — roughly a few times the bird's static weight.
If contact was more abrupt (v 6–10 m/s and short stopping distance ~0.05–0.10 m) the instantaneous load could be hundreds of kgf, producing a loud metallic thud.



That's good!






